-what makes it reliable: updates
-who creates the open source ideas:
2 kinds of software and systems
1. reliable on open source idea
2. doesn't have open source idea
- Lins Torvalds: created the linux,
- linux is the operating system is the best known ex. of open source software
- film and animation workstations, scientific comps, and some handhelds
- Translator programs such as compilers: enable programs to create other software
- software applications: help comp users solve probs
- system software: coordinate hardware operations and does behind the scences work the comp use hardly sees
-Examples of application compilers: photoshop, word, paint, etc.
OS vs Application Software
-Food of Thought: the hardware in a comp system is equipped to produce whatever output a user requests
A Fast, Stupid Machine
- prgrammers start with an algorithm (step by step instructions in a natural language ...english)
- the steps are error prone
- the steps are translated into vocab of programming language: this has too many steps, complicated, EXACT instructions
-Many Software companies have replaced their printed documentation with:
- Tutorials
- Reference materials
- Help files
- on-line help
-Newer releases often have additional features and fewer bugs
Bugs are things that make the computer slower or an error
COMPATIBILITY
-It allows software to function properly with the hardware, operating system, and peripherals
-Programs written for one type of computer system may not work on another
- a hardware needs a compatibile software
DISCLAIMERS
-Software manufacturers limit their liability for software by selling the software "as is."
-manufacturers don't sell their website to a person for their needs
LICENSING: Commercial software is copyrighted so it can't be legally duplicated for distribution to others
- software license
- volume license
- direct sale
- retail stores
- Mail-order catalogs
- web-sites
- not all software is copyrighted: ( public domain software, Shareware)
-can't use one software on all others, like some "cracked" softwares
WEB APPLICATIONS
-fall into several categories
- Some simple Web applications perform simple data-processing tasks that could also be performed by traditional programs running on stand alone PCs
- Most web applications take advantage of the Wed's connectivity
- Many Web applications leverage the Web's strength as a huge repository of info.
- Some Web applications support online business transactions (CNN)
- News-oriented Web applications provide up-to-the-min. repotrts on a myriad of subjects
- Other Web applications support a more traditional form of info. broascasting
-most web applications take advantage of the web connectivity to be published
- web applications: will stay in your comp and not go onto the internet unless its saved on "e"
- add index pg to domain range
-IP address: 1921 or xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
-you can call it yourname.com (the domain name)
SOFTWARE BUNDLES
-vertical-market and custom software
-Tends to cost far more than mass- market apps
-job specific software
- medical billings
- library cataloguing
- legal references software
- restaurant management
- single-chent software needs
-A class of software that includes the operating system and utility programs, handlies these details, and hundreds of other tasks behind the scences.
- operating system:
OPERATING SYSTEM FUNCTIONS:
- supports multitasking
- manages virtual memory
- maintains file system
- responsible for authentication and authorization
What does the operating system do?
What is the diff b/t utillity programs and device drivers?
UTILITY PROGRAMS
-Serve as tools for doing system maintenance and repairs that aren't automatically handled by the operating system.
MAKE IT EASIER FOR USERS TO:
- copy files b/t storage devices
- repair damaged data files
- translate files so that diff. programs can read them
- guard against viruses and potentially harmful prog. (ch. on comp. securities and risks)
- compres files so they tak up less disk space
- perform other imp. if unexciting tasks
- Symantec Norton Utilities is a popular utility package that includes software tools for recovering damaged files, repairing damaged disks, and improving disk performance.
-viruses, trogens, maulware-softwares that are attacking our comps.
DEVICE DRIVERS
-Small programs kthat enable I/0 devices - keyboard, mouse, printer, and others- to comm w./ the comp
- included w/ the operating system or bundled ww/ peripherals
WHERE THE OPERATING SYSTEM LIVES
-Some comps. store their operating system in ROM
-others include only prt of it in ROM
- The remainder of the operating systems is loaded into memory in a process called booting which occurs when you turn on the comp.
-interacting with the operating system is like interacting with an app can be intuitve or challenging and it depends on something called user interface.
USER INTERFACE
-the interface defines the look and feel of the comp. experience from a human point of view
-desktop operating system
-MS - DOS is a disk opeating system in which the user interacts using characters
- letters
- numbers
- symbols
-features include
- command-line interface (commands are typed)
- menu-driven interface (commands are chosen from on-screen lists)
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
-Mac OS developed by Macintosh in 1984 using GUI.
-Microsoft Windows is now the most popular operating system
MULTIPLE USER OPERATING SYSTEM:UNIX AND LINUX
-UNIX: developed by Bell Labs before personal coms were availabe'
-LINUX: created by Linus Torvalds and cont. to be a work in progress
-UNIX allows a timesharing comp to comm with several other comps or terminals at once
-linux is free for anyone to use or improve
-UNIX remains the dominant operating system for internet servers
-some form of UNIX is available for personal comps, workstations, servers, mainframes, and supercomps.
-EX: of UNIX are solarists
Hardware Software
- window vista
-winsows Server 2003
-windows XP
-windows ME
microsoft Windows CE
-cross platforms app such as micro office and ADOBE PHOTOSHOP
are programs that are available in similar versions for multiple platforms
-mac users can buy software emulation programs that:
- create a stimulated windows machine in the Mac
- translate
- applications (end)
- natural language interfaces
- agents
- virtual realities
- Files can be scattered all over the system which often makes data manadement difficult
solution: organize data files logically
-Both windows and Mac support the notion of common system folders with self-explanatory names:
- My docs (dos)
- my pics (pics)
- my music (music)
- view rename copy move and delete files & folders
- Hierachies (arrangmeant of items) help w/ organization
- help w/ locating a file
- get size, file type, & last modification date
-if u have a lot of the same folder that has the same name and u did one today with new modifications u go to details (under my docs and view) and u look at the dates.
MANAGEMENT FILES FROM APPLICATIONS:
- Operations: Open, Save As, Save, and Close
- eliminates fragmented files by changing the assignment of clusters and files.
- can significantly improve the performanceof a disk drive
-recommended to do once a month
- ppl do this to eliminate empty spaces
SOFTWARE PIRACY:
- illegal duplication of copyrighted software
- the software industry is $50 billion industry
- 1/3 of softeware is illegally copied
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